Hazard identification: precise positioning of security risks

1. Structural hazards

Foundation settlement: Observe whether wall cracks are distributed in an "eight" shape (narrow at the top and wide at the bottom), or if doors and windows cannot open and close normally, which may be caused by uneven settlement of the foundation.

Damage to beams and columns: Check for honeycomb, rough surface, exposed reinforcement, or severe cracks (width>0.3mm) in concrete beams and columns. Corrosion of steel bars may cause a decrease in bearing capacity.

Wall cracking: Horizontal cracks may be caused by temperature stress or foundation deformation, while vertical cracks may be caused by insufficient wall bearing capacity.

Decayed wooden structure: Old wooden houses need to be inspected for beams, beams, and columns that have decayed due to moisture or insect infestation, and for loose node connections.

2. Non structural hazards

Electrical aging: Line aging and unauthorized connections may cause fires, and it is necessary to check whether the distribution box, switch, and socket are damaged or overloaded.

Fire safety defects: Lack of fire extinguishers, smoke alarms, or occupied evacuation routes, requiring the installation of fire protection facilities in accordance with regulations.

Waterproof failure: Water leakage from roofs and bathrooms may cause steel reinforcement to rust or walls to mold. The waterproof layer needs to be repaired and deteriorated materials replaced.

3. Environmental hazards

Geological risk: If the house is located in a high-risk area for landslides and mudslides, it is necessary to assess the geological stability and take protective measures (such as retaining walls and drainage ditches).

Disaster impact: After an earthquake, houses need to be inspected for structural deformation and crack propagation. After a typhoon, the wind resistance of roofs and exterior walls needs to be checked.